@Article{ziemer-surgery3d,
  author   = {Tim Ziemer},
  journal  = {Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces},
  title    = {Three-Dimensional Sonification as a Surgical Guidance Tool},
  year     = {2023},
  number   = {4},
  pages    = {253--262},
  volume   = {17},
  abstract = {Interactive Sonification is a well-known guidance method in navigation tasks. Researchers have repeatedly suggested the use of interactive sonification in neuronavigation and image-guided surgery. The hope is to reduce clinicians’ cognitive load through a relief of the visual channel, while preserving the precision provided through image guidance. In this paper, we present a surgical use case, simulating a craniotomy preparation with a skull phantom. Through auditory, visual, and audiovisual guidance, non-clinicians successfully find targets on a skull that provides hardly any visual or haptic landmarks. The results show that interactive sonification enables novice users to navigate through three-dimensional space with a high precision. The precision along the depth axis is highest in the audiovisual guidance mode, but adding audio leads to higher durations and longer motion trajectories.},
  doi      = {10.1007/s12193-023-00422-9},
  eprint   = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12193-023-00422-9},
}

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